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Tropical Animal Science Journal

tasj
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 2615787X EISSN : 2615790X DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Energy

ropical Animal Science Journal (Trop. Anim. Sci. J.) previously Media Peternakan is a scientific journal covering broad aspects of tropical animal sciences. Started from 2018, the title is changed from Media Peternakan in order to develop and expand the distribution as well as increase the visibility of the journal. The journal is published three times a year in April, August, and December by Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), associated with Animal Scientist's Society of Indonesia. The first edition with the new title will be published in April 2018 edition (Vol 41 No 1 2018), while the previous edition (up to 2017 edition) will still use Media Peternakan as the title and could be accessed in the old website (http://medpet.journal.ipb.ac.id/). This journal has been accredited by National Journal Accreditation (ARJUNA) Managed by Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education, Republic Indonesia with First Grade (Sinta 1) since year 2018 to 2022 according to the decree No. 30/E/KPT/2018.

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Articles 12 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol. 42 No. 2 (2019): Tropical Animal Science Journal" : 12 Documents clear

Morphological Characteristics and Productivity of Guinea Grass (Panicum maximum CV Purple Guinea) Irradiated with Gamma-Ray A. Fanindi; S. H. Sutjahjo; S. I. Aisyah; N. D. Purwantari
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 42 No. 2 (2019): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Mutation breeding using gamma irradiation is one of the alternative ways to increase the variability and productivity of Guinea grass (Panicum maximum cv Purple guinea). The aimed of the study was to determine the dosage of gamma irradiation and morphological characters for high-yielding of the putative mutant of guinea grass. The Guinea grass seeds was irradiated by gamma- ray. The treatment was 8 doses of gamma irradiation and control (non-irradiated). The treatment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications. The study was conducted for 3 generations, which were mutants 1 (M1), mutant 1 vegetative 1 (M1V1), and mutant 1 vegetative 2 (M1V2). The results showed that the gamma irradiation dose affected variables observed. The variables affected in M1 were fresh and dry weights of shoot, the number of tillers, and the length of the leaves. Whereas in the populations of M1V1 and M1V2, almost all characters were influenced by gamma irradiation, except stem diameter, length of internode, and leaf length. Gamma irradiation doses of 175 x 2 Gy, 250 Gy and 350 Gy in M1V1 and 100 x 2 Gy, 150x2 Gy and 175 x 2 Gy in M1V2 produced the high number of tillers, fresh and dry shoot weights. Heritability value and GCV of number of tillers, fresh and dry weight of shoot were high for M1V1 and M1V2 populations. These results indicated that gamma-ray irradiation can be applied to increase productivity and genetic variability of Guinea grass. The highest forage production was obtained at a dose of 100 x 2 Gy, which was 625 g/plant.

The Effect of Nanoencapsulated Phaleria macrocarpa Fruits Extract in Drinking Water on Jejunal Histomorphology of Broiler Chickens N. Ningsih; B. Ariyadi; N. D. Dono; Supadmo Supadmo; Zuprizal Zuprizal
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 42 No. 2 (2019): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of nanoencapsulated Phaleria macrocarpa fruits extract (NEPM) in drinking water and its effect on microbial population and histomorphology in the jejunal wall of broiler chickens. A total number of 200 male broiler chicks were distributed into 5 treatments with 4 replicates (10 birds in each replicate). The experimental treatments were control diet (T0; negative control), diet with tetracycline (T1; positive control), diet with 2.5% of Phaleria macrocarpa fruits extract (T2), diet with 2.5% NEPM (T3), and diet with 5.0% NEPM (T4). The diet was yellow corn and soybean meal that contains 20.44% CP, 2917.47 kcal/kg ME, 0.84% Ca, and 0.51% Pav. Variables evaluated were characteristics of NEPM, growth performance, intestinal microbial population (lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and Salmonella sp.), and intestinal histomorphology (villus height, crypt depth, and villus height to crypt depth ratio (VH : CD)). Data were analyzed using ANOVA in a completely randomized design. Orthogonal contrast test were used to separate mean of data when p-value differ significantly. Results showed that the size of NEPM was 778 nm with spherical shape and positive charges with the zeta potentials of +26.5 mV. Supplementing 5% of NEPM did not affect broiler growth performance, Salmonella sp. or crypt depth, but increased (p<0.05) LAB, villi height, and VH:CD. It can be concluded that 5.0% of NEPM in the drinking water had positive effect on the jejunal histomorphology and increased population of LAB while Salmonella sp. was not detected on all treatments.

Growth Performance, Haematological Parameters, Intestinal Microbiology, and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens Fed Two-Stage Fermented Cassava Pulp during Finishing Phase S. Sugiharto; T. Yudiarti; I. Isroli
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 42 No. 2 (2019): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2019.42.2.113

This study aimed to investigate the effect of two-stage fermented cassava pulp (FCP) on growth, blood parameters, intestinal microbiology and carcass characteristics of broilers. Two hundreds Lohmann broiler chicks were used from days 22 to 38 and allotted to CONT (maize-soybean-meal-based finisher diet), FCP-10 (finisher diet containing 10% FCP), FCP-15 (15% FCP) and FCP-20 (20% FCP). FCP was included into finisher diet at the expense of maize. On day 38, one bird per replicate was blood sampled and slaughtered. Ileal and caecal digesta and duodenal, jejunal and ileal segments were obtained for intestinal microbiology and villi height measurements. Breast muscle was obtained for meat colour determination. FCP-10 had a higher (p≤0.05) body weight gain than CONT. Feed intake was highest (p≤0.05) in FCP-15 and the lowest (p≤0.05) in CONT. Feed conversion ratio was lowest and highest in FCP-10 and FCP-15, respectively (p≤0.05). FCP-20 had a lower (p≤0.05) abdominal fat than CONT and FCP-10. CONT had lower (p≤0.05) serum total triglycerides than FCP-15 and FCP-20. Duodenal villi height for FCP-20 was higher (p≤0.05) than that for CONT and FCP-15. The ileal villi height for FCP-20 was lower (p≤0.05) than that for CONT and FCP-15. The wings relative weight was higher (p≤0.05) in FCP-20 than in FCP-10 and FCP-15. FCP-15 and FCP-20 had higher (p≤0.05) L* (lightness) values than CONT. In conclusion, feeding two-stage FCP up to 20% had no deleterious effect on growth, haematological parameters, intestinal microbiology and carcass characteristics. Feeding two-stage FCP at a level of 20% reduced the abdominal fat content and increased duodenal villi height of broilers.

Effects of Phloroglucinol on In Vitro Methanogenesis, Rumen Fermentation, and Microbial Population Density K. A. Sarwono; M. Kondo; T. Ban-Tokuda; A. Jayanegara; H. Matsui
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 42 No. 2 (2019): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2019.42.2.121

This study investigated the effect of phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene) supplementation alone on methane production, rumen fermentation profiles, and microbial population structure of mixed in vitro cultures. Treatments included a control group containing a substrate with no supplement, and substrates supplemented with 2, 4, 6, 8, or 10 mmol/L of phloroglucinol. The results revealed that phloroglucinol was able to decrease methane production in a dose-dependent manner. The highest decrease was observed with 8 and 10 mmol/L supplementations. The relative quantity of methanogen was not affected by phloroglucinol, whereas genus Coprococcus was increased with increasing concentrations of phloroglucinol (p<0.05). Total gas production, dry matter digestibility (DMD), and NH3-N were significantly lowered by phloroglucinol (p<0.001). Total short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentration was not affected by phloroglucinol. Acetate proportion increased with the addition of phloroglucinol at the expense of propionate (p<0.001). This might indicate the redirection of [H] from methane to acetate, and might be related to methane inhibition.. Our study concluded that supplementation of phloroglucinol alone could decrease methane production by inhibiting nutrient digestibility in the rumen and by possible redirection of rumen fermentation to acetate production. Genus Coprococcus could be an important actor for phloroglucinol metabolism in the rumen.

Prediction of In Situ Ruminal Degradability of Forages in Buffaloes Using the In Vitro Gas Production Technique G. F. Guadayo; A. A. Rayos; F. E. Merca; A. G. Tandang; M. M. Loresco; A. A. Angeles
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 42 No. 2 (2019): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Two experiments, namely the situ nylon bag technique and the in vitro gas production technique, were carried out to determine the correlations between the in situ ruminal degradability and the in vitro gas production of different forages, and to predict the ruminal degradability of the forages using the gas production parameters. Forage samples from Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum), Guinea grass (Panicum maximum), Para grass (Brachiaria mutica), Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala), Rain tree (Samanea saman), and Gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium) were incubated in the rumen of three rumen-cannulated buffaloes using the in situ nylon bag technique for 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. The six forage samples were also subjected to the in vitro gas production analysis following the modified methods developed by Menke & Steingass (1988), along with 30 other commonly used forages in the Philippines. Both experiments followed a randomized complete block design. Their dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and crude protein (CP) degradation kinetics and effective degradability (ED) as well as the gas production parameters were then estimated. Results revealed that the ED of each nutrient was found to be moderately to strongly correlated with some of the gas production times and estimated gas parameters. The predictor models generated using the gas production parameters for the ED of DM, OM, and NDF were sufficiently strong (R2= 0.740, p value= 0.0002; R2= 0.659, p value= 0.0009; and R2= 0.813, p value < 0.0001, respectively) while that of CP was only moderate (R2= 0.500, p value= 0.0055). It was concluded that the relationship between the two techniques is sufficiently strong and therefore the gas production parameters can be used to predict the in situ ruminal nutrient degradability of forages.

The Interaction of NDF Level and Fiber Particle Size on Productivity and Fiber Digestion in Rabbit during the Fattening Period M. Sobri; K. G. Wiryawan; P. D. M. H. Karti; I. W. T. Wibawan
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 42 No. 2 (2019): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2019.42.2.137

This research was conducted to determine the interaction of NDF level and fiber particle size on the performance of production, digestibility of dry matter, crude fiber and fiber fraction, digestive tract, microbial profiles, volatile fatty acids (VFA), and total organic acid of rabbits during the fattening period. The experiment utilized 144 New Zealand white (NZW) crossbred rabbits aged 28 days. The experimental design was a completely randomized 3 x 3 factorial pattern, with 3 levels of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (F1= 33.60%, F2= 36.10%, and F3= 41.43%) and 3 sizes of fiber particles (P1= 1 mm, P2= 2 mm, and P3= 3 mm). Each treatment had 4 replications, and each replication had 4 animals. The combination treatment showed changes in feed intake with an average of 5.25 kg/head. The F2 treatment showed the best results in body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) with an average of 1.80 kg/head and 3.09, respectively. The F1 level showed the highest average of pathogenic bacteria (E. coli) population at 3.37 x 109 cfu/mL which inversely proportional to the average level of butyric acid percentage and total organic acids which were 12.92% and 386.23 mmol/L in rabbits during the post-weaning period. The conclusion of this study was that the inclusion of NDF and a balanced size of fiber feed in feed could lead to optimization of the fiber digestibility, digestive tract, total organic acid production, and butyric acid concentration which could suppress the growth of E. coli and improve the performance of rabbits during the fattening period.

Performance, Physiological Status, and Rumen Fermentation Profiles of Pre- and Post-Weaning Goat Kids Fed Cricket Meal as a Protein Source D. A. Astuti; A. Anggraeny; L. Khotijah; S. Suharti; A. Jayanegara
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 42 No. 2 (2019): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2019.42.2.145

This study was conducted in two experiments with the objectives: (1) to evaluate nutrient intake, physiological status, and performance of pre-weaning goat kids fed with milk replacer containing cricket meal, and (2) to evaluate nutrient intake, rumen fermentation characteristics, blood profiles, and production performance of post-weaning etawah crossbred goats fed with cricket meal as a substitution of soybean meal. Twelve pre-weaning goat kids (3.78±0.50 kg BW) were divided into 3 treatments (4 replicates per treatment), i.e., kids fed with goat milk (GM), cow milk (CM), and milk replacer containing cricket meal (MR). In the second experiment, 12 post-weaning goats (12-14 kg BW) were fed with 3 dietary treatments, i.e., control ration (CM-0), ration containing 15% cricket meal (CM-15), and ration containing 30% cricket meal (CM-30). Parameters measured during 2 months observations were nutrient intake, physiological status, fermentation profiles, blood profiles, and performance. Both experiments used a completely randomized design. Results showed that there were no significant differences in physiological status parameters in pre-weaning goat kids fed with GM, CM or MR. The performance of kids fed with GM was significantly higher (120 g/d) than those fed with CM and MR treatments (p<0.05). In the second experiment, results showed that fat intake in CM-30 was higher than the other treatments (p<0.05), meanwhile dry matter and nutrient intakes were similar. The average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency, and rumen fermentation profiles were similar in all treatments. It is concluded that cricket meal can be used in milk replacer without any negative effect on health status. CM-30 ration has good palatability without any negative effect on the rumen fermentation profiles.

The Physicochemical, Microbiology, and Sensory Characteristics of Kefir Goat Milk with Different Levels of Kefir Grain Sulmiyati Sulmiyati; N. S. Said; D. U. Fahrodi; R. Malaka; F. Maruddin
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 42 No. 2 (2019): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2019.42.2.152

Kefir is a fermented milk product. The kefir grain starter consists of lactic acid bacteria and yeast that produce lactic acid and alcohol. The quality of kefir is strongly influenced by the type of milk used, the amount of kefir grain, kefir grain microorganisms, and the incubation period. The characteristics of goat-milk kefir with the addition of different amounts of kefir grain were studied by measuring pH value, ethanol content, and percentage of lactic acid. The experimental design was a completely randomized design (RCD) with three treatments and five replications. The treatments were performed by using different amounts of kefir grains i.e., 2%, 4%, and 6%. Goat-milk kefir was pasteurized at 105oC for 5 minutes, cooled at room temperature (37oC), and then kefir grain was added at different levels and incubated for 12 hours. The results showed that the amounts of kefir grain had a significant effect (p<0.05) on pH value, the percentage of lactic acid, and ethanol content of goat-milk kefir produced. The higher dose of kefir grain had an influence on physicochemical characteristics, microbiology, and sensory of goat-milk kefir. The optimal characteristics of goat-milk kefir were 2% kefir grain with a pH value of 5.40, lactic acid content of 0.14%, and ethanol content of 0.69%. The weight gain of kefir grain was 7.21% and the total of lactic acid bacteria was 1.64x107 CFU/mL. Sensory quality had a white color, kefir scent, a non-acid taste, and like preference. It is concluded that the best goat-milk kefir can be produced by the addition of 2% kefir grain based on physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory characteristics.

Morphological Characterization of Goat Populations in Central Zone of Tigray, Ethiopia M. Birhanie; K. Alemayehu; G. Mekuriaw
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 42 No. 2 (2019): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2019.42.2.81

Ethiopia has huge livestock resource, but poor in their productivity. It stated national small ruminant breeding policy and strategy focused on genetic improvement. This is intended to design appropriate breeding programs based on the indigenous breeds status. Study of phenotypic variation is among the prerequisite activities of genetic improvement that is limited in this study area. The objective of this study was to describe morphological characteristics and variations of goat populations in the Central zone of Tigray. Qualitative and quantitative data of 403 young to matured goats (326 lactating does and 77 bucks) were used to analyze by frequency procedure, GLM procedure, Pearson correlation, and multivariate analysis of SAS version 9.4. The study revealed that goats in Adwa district were distinct in coat colors and pattern, horn shape, ear orientation, head profile and ruff, significantly heavier (p<0.01) and larger (p<0.001) in height at withers and in height at pelvic than those in Tanqua Abergele (TA) and Kola Tembien (KT) districts. Goats found in Adwa district were morphologically distinct from those found in TA and KT districts with the higher discriminating values in female goats.

Polymorphism of Bovine Growth Hormone Receptor Gene (g.3338A>G) and Its Association with Body Measurements and Body Weight in Pasundan Cows W. P. B. Putra; P. P. Agung; S. Anwar; S. Said
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 42 No. 2 (2019): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2019.42.2.90

Bovine growth hormone receptor (bGHR) gene was one of the growth hormone family genes that important for body growth and development of cattle. This research was carried out to identify the polymorphism in the exon 10 of bGHR gene from 142 heads of Pasundan cows at West Java and its association with body length (BL), withers height (WH), heart girth (HG), and body weight (BW). There are two mutation points in the bGHR gene based on the sequencing analysis i.e. g.3322del.A and g.3338A>G. The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at g.3338A>G was detected using PCR-RFLP method with AluI restriction enzyme and showed three genotypes of AA (0.49), AG (0.37), and GG (0.14). The allelic frequencies were 0.67 (A) and 0.33 (G). The number of allele effective (ne) value was 1.79 and described that A allele was the higher allele in the bGHR gene in this study. The polymorphic informative content (PIC) value was 0.34 and categorized as a moderate category. The Chi-square (χ2) analysis showed that the population sample was in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (χ2<5.99). It was concluded that the polymorphism of bGHR gene had a significant association (p<0.05) with BL, WH, and BW of Pasundan cows. Research showed that all body measurements in GG genotype animals were lowest than other genotypes. Meanwhile, the highest of BW was showed in GG genotype. In addition, the average of BL, WH, HG, and BW in Pasundan cows (2 PPI and 3PPI) were 126.88±14.25 cm; 133.97±31.69 cm; 145.35±13.56 cm and 201.85±44.87 kg, respectively.

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Prof. Dr. Ir. Komang G. Wiryawan

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mediapeternakan@apps.ipb.ac.id

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Faculty of Animal Science Building, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University) Jln Agatis, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

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Jawa barat

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Prof. Dr. Ir. Komang G. Wiryawan

Contact Email kgwiryawan@yahoo.com

Phone +622518421692

Journal Mail Official mediapeternakan@apps.ipb.ac.id

Editorial Address Faculty of Animal Science Building, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University) Jln Agatis, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

Location Kota bogor, Jawa barat INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Prof. Dr. Ir. Komang G. Wiryawan

Contact Email
kgwiryawan@yahoo.com

Phone
+622518421692

Journal Mail Official
mediapeternakan@apps.ipb.ac.id

Editorial Address
Faculty of Animal Science Building, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University) Jln Agatis, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA